early blue violet

Viola adunca

early blue violet ~ Viola adunca 10MA21
early blue violet - Viola adunca 12MA24

characteristics

Alternate, ovate to heart-shaped leaves, finely toothed. Solitary flowers grow from the leaf axis, rising above the leaves. Violet in colour, five parted with bearded side petals. Seeds are in capsules which burst open for dispersal. Easily overlooked unless in flower.

T SSN H W sun soil H2O fire N2 pH summer fall flower (seed)
P C 0.1 0.2 S/PS - - - - - green yellow grey violet

habitat

Woods, disturbed sites, meadows.

uses

Nectar source for a variety of butterflies. Host plant to threatened Oregon Silverspot butterfly. A food source for Fritillary butterflies.

Leaves and flowers used by North American aboriginals for a variety of purposes: poultices, during childbirth, respiratory problems.

Flowers are used today in teas, salads.

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common > name = have on site
T = type: A = annual | B = biennial | P = perennial | SS = subshrub | D = deciduous | C = coniferous
██ = cold stratify | ██ = cold stratify & scarify | ██ = plant directly | ██ = scarify | ██ = not from seed
SSN = season: C = cool | W = warm | Y = late
H = height (in metres) | W = width (in metres) | B = bunch | S = sod | SB = sod/bunch
sun: S = full sun | S/PS = sun or partial shade | PS = partial shade | SH = full shade
soil: F = fine | M = medium | C = coarse
H2O = moisture requirement: D = dry | M = moist | W = wet | Z = aquatic
fire = fire tolerance: - = unknown | X = none | • = some | •• = moderate | ••• = high tolerance
N2 = nitrogen fixing: • = yes
summer = foliage colour | fall = foliage (stem) colour | flower (seed) = flower (seed / fruit) colour, if conspicuous
pH = acidity - alkalinity